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ADHD Medication – How Ritalin Helps Kids Manage ADHD ADHD medication can make a huge difference in helping children manage their symptoms. Doctors prescribe two main types of drugs to treat ADHD: stimulants and non-stimulants. Stimulants increase the amounts of two brain chemicals—norepinephrine and dopamine—that help kids focus. These medications are the best option for teens and children with ADHD. Long-acting stimulant formulations Stimulant medication is the primary treatment option for many with ADHD. They are used by 70 to 80 percent of people suffering from the disorder and are highly effective in improving concentration and attention. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggests starting with a FDA-approved medication. These medications are only available on prescription and must be taken according to the directions. Over-the-counter (OTC) supplements or vitamins marketed for treatment of ADHD are not backed by scientific research and can result in harmful side effects when used with prescription medications. There are a variety of long-acting stimulant formulas each with a specific delivery system and a distinct time-action profile. These medications allow clinicians to concentrate on specific times of the day that are most impairing for a patient. For instance, patients who have trouble completing morning tasks can benefit from long-acting stimulants such as Dexedrine Spansules, Dextroamphetamine/AMPH patch (Xelstrym), or the newer extended-release oral medication Mydayis (lisdexamfetamine). Long-acting ADHD drugs enter the bloodstream more slowly and are less likely to cause side effects than short-acting ADHD drugs. They typically last for 8 to 16 hours, based on the medication. The longer time frame allows for a more consistent and long-lasting effect, which is ideal for adults. Some of the possible side effects of long-acting ADHD medications are changes in appetite, upset stomach, and an increase in heart rate. Other possible side effects include tics and minor growth delays however, these are generally temporary and tend to go away after a few days or even weeks as the body adjusts to the drug. The most commonly used type of long-acting ADHD medication is methylphenidate. It is the active component in Ritalin and similar medications. It is a stimulant that increases levels of dopamine in the brain. These neurotransmitters play an important role in motivation, cognition, and also in executing actions. The most commonly used stimulant drugs used to treat ADHD are methylphenidates (amphetamines) and atomoxetine amphetamines and atomoxetine. All of these medications fall under the umbrella term “methylphenidates,” but some are made differently than other. Certain medications are absorbed through the skin, while others are administered orally or intravenously. Short-acting stimulant formulations There are many stimulant medications available to treat ADHD. These include all the forms of methylphenidate, including Ritalin, Focalin and Metadate and amphetamines like Adderall, Dexedrine and Vyvanse. A doctor may prescribe atomoxetine which is a stimulant that works differently and lasts longer. There are also antidepressants that are atypical and work well for ADHD symptoms. These include Wellbutrin (bupropion), and the two antihypertensives Catapres and Tenex. Stimulant drugs help by increasing neurotransmitter levels within the brain. This can improve concentration and decrease restlessness in kids and adults with ADHD. The medication can also reduce the impulsivity and hyperactivity of children and adults. Stimulants can cause adverse effects such as dry mouth and blurred vision. They can also increase irritability, anxiety and appetite for some people. Some people have trouble sleeping when they take them. A major issue with these drugs is that they can cause the “rebound effect” when the effects wear off. Some people can also suffer from high blood pressure or a heart rate while taking these medications. When prescribed by a physician, however they are safe and effective for adults. The most effective stimulant medication to take for people suffering from ADHD is a dose in the morning, before going to school or working. These are called long-acting stimulants. This type of medication can help reduce symptoms and prevent an increase in symptoms. Other types of the medication can be taken throughout the day as required. Short-acting tablets are absorbed quickly and reach their peak in the body. Someone who requires regular doses may have to take more than one tablet each day. This can be a hassle for many adults with ADHD. Stimulants are the most commonly used treatment for ADHD in children, adolescents and adults. They are considered the most effective drugs in reducing ADHD symptoms. However, they can have dangerous and life-threatening adverse effects if taken improperly or in excessive doses. They can also increase the risk of developing depression and other mental health issues. Nonstimulant medication If stimulant medications such as Ritalin aren't effective or cause unacceptably adverse effects, nonstimulant medications can be used to treat ADHD symptoms. They are less prone to the risk of abuse and addiction than stimulants. They work by increasing the levels of the brain chemical norepinephrine. These medications are usually prescribed by doctors who specialize in mental health issues or psychiatrists. They are often utilized in conjunction with other treatments, such as psychosocial treatment and lifestyle changes. Nonstimulant medications may take longer to begin working than stimulants. They may also require a higher dosage to achieve the same level of efficacy. They are available as tablets or capsules and can be taken with or without food. non prescription adhd medication are more likely to cause stomach upset, or change heart rate and blood pressure. They also have a higher risk of developing interactions with other drugs. Some ADHD medications can be applied as patches on the skin. These patches are perfect for people who forget or have trouble swallowing tablets. These patches are also beneficial for children who are sensitive to the touch and dislike taking medicine by mouth. The patch is only beneficial for children who can apply it consistently. Finding the ideal combination of dosage and schedule may take some time. It is important to be honest with your doctor regarding how you or your child reacts to the medication. Keep a record of your symptoms or the symptoms of your child, as well as any changes in medication. There are always adverse effects when taking any medication. Some sufferers experience stomach upset and sleeplessness, increased heart rate and weight loss. Children and adolescents who are taking stimulant medications can suffer a decrease in their growth rate. It is not usually significant. Some individuals may experience anxiety or tics. A small proportion of them may suffer from a severe reaction to the medication. If you or your child suffers severe symptoms, visit a doctor immediately. The medication should be taken only according to the prescription of your physician. If you've got leftover medication, talk to your pharmacist about the possibility of a prescription drug take-back program, or mix it with cat litter or coffee grounds and dispose of it. Antidepressants Many people who are prescribed stimulant medication for ADHD also use an antidepressant or a nonstimulant medicine. These medications can help to in calming the mind and manage some of the side effects of stimulants, such as decreased appetite or trouble sleeping. Nonstimulant drugs are less likely to trigger depression. They can also help treat bipolar and anxiety disorders, which are sometimes linked to ADHD. The stimulants used to treat ADHD are prone for abuse and misuse. Teens and children with ADHD might use them to increase their alertness or to curb their appetites in order to shed weight. Others may use them to get “high.” Stimulants are included in Schedule I drugs, which carry a high addiction risk. If they are prescribed appropriately and taken by adults they don't increase the risk of addiction. Methylphenidate is a stimulant. It is the most frequently prescribed medication for ADHD. It boosts brain activity areas that regulate behavior and attention. It is available as tablets that release immediately (small doses taken two to three times per day) as well as a modified-release tablets that release the drug throughout the entire day. Also available in chewable and liquid form. Certain people who take stimulant medication for ADHD have a brief period of fatigue, negative mood, and an increase in activity after the medication has worn off. This is called the rebound effect. Altering the time you take your medicine or altering the dosage can reduce these symptoms. Another option for adults with ADHD is guanfacine. It is available as the long-acting medicine Intuniv. This blood pressure medication is a type of alpha-2 adrenergic agonist and it has been found to be significantly effective in decreasing impulsive and hyperactive behaviors in adults. It doesn't appear to be as effective in reducing the symptoms of inattention. Finding the best ADHD medication for your child or you can take some time. Your doctor will likely start with low doses, and then increase them gradually to determine the right combination that will control your symptoms while causing least adverse negative effects. You should visit your GP regularly to have regular check-ups and determine if the dosage needs to be adjusted.